X-based desktop
리눅스 데스크탑을 사용하면 계속 xdg 어쩌구가 나오는데, 이건 뭐지?
XDG: X Development Group
XDG는 FreeDesktop.org 의 옛 이름이다.
freedesktop.org hosts the development of free and open source software, focused on interoperability and shared technology for open-source graphical and desktop systems.
관련 소프트웨어
XDG user directories
- xdg-user-dirs is a tool to handle well known directories in the users homedir.
- XDG user directories - archilinux
> echo $XDG_
$XDG_DATA_DIRS $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
> man xdg-user-dirs-update
# xdg-user-dirs-update - Update XDG user dir configuration
> man xdg-user-dir
# xdg-user-dir - Find an XDG user dir
> xdg-user-dir DESKTOP
> cat /etc/xdg/user-dirs.conf
...
# the XDG_CONFIG_HOME and/or XDG_CONFIG_DIRS to override this
enabled=True
filename_encoding=UTF-8
> cat /etc/xdg/user-dirs.defaults
DESKTOP=Desktop
DOWNLOAD=Downloads
TEMPLATES=Templates
PUBLICSHARE=Public
DOCUMENTS=Documents
MUSIC=Music
PICTURES=Pictures
VIDEOS=Videos
X Window System
GUI 도구
| GTK | QT | |
|---|---|---|
| 지원언어 | C, C++, Python 등 | C++, Python 등 |
| 플랫폼 | Linux, Windows, MacOS | Linux, WIndows, MacOS |
| 라이센스 | LGPL2.1 | LGPL, GPL, 상용 라이센스 |
| 대표 데스크탑 환경 | Gnome, Xfce | KDE |
GNOME Desktop
The GNOME Desktop is an attractive and useful desktop environment created by the GNU project.
- GNOME 설정법2
- Gconf - XML based database (backend system). The older one.
- Dconf - BLOB based database (backend system). The newer one.
- Gsettings - CLI tool to edit settings. Looks like it works only with Dconf (although I saw somewhere that it might work with Gconf).
gnome-shell --version
# GNOME Shell 41.8.1
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock dock-position BOTTOM
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock animation-time 0.2
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock transparency-mode FIXED # 투명도 모드
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock background-opacity 0.6 # 배경 투명도
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock running-indicator-style DASHES # 실행 중인 앱 표시 형태
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock intellihide-mode FOCUS_APPLICATION_WINDOWS
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock dash-max-icon-size 32 # 범위: 16-64
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock extend-height false # 화면에 아이콘이 꽉 차지 않을 때 여백을 두지 않음
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock show-windows-preview true
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock show-favorites true
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock show-trash true
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock show-mounts true
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock multi-monitor true # 모니터가 여러 개일 때 어느 모니터에서든 dock을 볼 수 있음
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock scroll-action cycle-windows # 아이콘 위에서 마우스 스크롤하면 여러 윈도우를 이동할 수 있음
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock hot-keys true # `super`+`num`
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock hotkeys-show-dock true
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock force-straight-corner false
GTK: GIMP ToolKit
KDE: K(ool) Desktop Environment
Qt
Qt(“cute"로 발음)는 GUI 프로그램 개발에 널리 쓰이는 크로스 플랫폼 소프트웨어다. 서버용 콘솔과 명령 줄 도구와 같은 CLI 프로그램 개발에도 사용된다. 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스를 사용하는 경우에는 Qt를 Widget toolkit으로 분류한다.3